Articles

Effects of rAAV-mediated FGF-2 gene transfer and overexpression upon the chondrogenic differentiation processes in human bone marrow aspirates

Application of genetically modified bone marrow concentrates in articular cartilage lesions is a promising approach to enhance cartilage repair by stimulating the chondrogenic differentiation processes in site...

Authors: Janina Frisch, Jagadeesh K. Venkatesan, Ana Rey-Rico, Adam M. Zawada, Gertrud Schmitt, Henning Madry and Magali Cucchiarini

Muscle injuries and strategies for improving their repair

Satellite cells are tissue resident muscle stem cells required for postnatal skeletal muscle growth and repair through replacement of damaged myofibers. Muscle regeneration is coordinated through different mec...

Authors: Thomas Laumonier and Jacques Menetrey

On the heterogeneity of the femoral enthesis of the human ACL: microscopic anatomy and clinical implications

Most ruptures of the native anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and ACL graft occur at, or near, the femoral enthesis, with the posterolateral fibers of the native ligament being especially vulnerable during pivo...

Authors: Mélanie L. Beaulieu, Grace E. Carey, Stephen H. Schlecht, Edward M. Wojtys and James A. Ashton-Miller

The effect of foot landing position on biomechanical risk factors associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury

Identification of biomechanical risk factors associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury can facilitate injury prevention. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of three foot land...

Authors: Andrew A. Tran, Corey Gatewood, Alex H. S. Harris, Julie A. Thompson and Jason L. Dragoo

Additional mesenchymal stem cell injection improves the outcomes of marrow stimulation combined with supramalleolar osteotomy in varus ankle osteoarthritis: short-term clinical results with second-look arthroscopic evaluation

Supramalleolar osteotomy (SMO) is reported to be an effective treatment for varus ankle osteoarthritis by redistributing the load line within the ankle joint. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proposed a...

Authors: Yong Sang Kim, Moses Lee and Yong Gon Koh

Does simulated walking cause gapping of meniscal repairs?

The objective of rehabilitation following meniscal repair is to promote healing by limiting stresses on repairs, while simultaneously preserving muscle strength and joint motion. Both protective protocols limi...

Authors: Patrick C. McCulloch, Hugh L. Jones, Kendall Hamilton, Michael G. Hogen, Jonathan E. Gold and Philip C. Noble

Qualitative and quantitative measurement of the anterior and posterior meniscal root attachments of the New Zealand white rabbit

The purpose of this study was to quantify the meniscal root anatomy of the New Zealand white rabbit to better understand this animal model for future in vitro and in vivo joint degeneration studies.

Authors: David Civitarese, Tammy L. Haut Donahue, Christopher M. LaPrade, Adriana J. Saroki, Samuel G. Moulton, Jason M. Schon and Robert F. LaPrade

White blood cell concentration correlates with increased concentrations of IL-1ra and improvement in WOMAC pain scores in an open-label safety study of autologous protein solution

There has been debate on which blood components should be included in autologous therapies. Autologous Protein Solution (APS) is a unique blood-derived therapy composed of concentrated white blood cells, plate...

Authors: William King, Walter van der Weegen, Rogier Van Drumpt, Hans Soons, Krista Toler and Jennifer Woodell-May

Effect of external load on scapular upward rotation during arm elevation: the knot concept

Failure of the scapulohumeral rhythm (SHR) is observed in patients with shoulder joint dysfunction. The SHR reportedly has a 2:1 ratio during scapular upward rotation with arm elevation. However, three-dimensi...

Authors: Kazuya Madokoro, Masafumi Gotoh, Yoshihiro Kai, Tatsuyuki Kakuma, Takashi Nagamatsu and Naoto Shiba

Differences in levels of inflammatory mediators in meniscal and synovial tissue of patients with meniscal lesions

Meniscal injuries are a risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA). While a mechanical pathway between meniscal injury and OA has been described, the biological effects of inflammation on this pathway have yet to be ...

Authors: Takahiro Ogura, Miyako Suzuki, Yoshihiro Sakuma, Kazuyo Yamauchi, Sumihisa Orita, Masayuki Miyagi, Tetsuhiro Ishikawa, Hiroto Kamoda, Yasuhiro Oikawa, Izumi Kanisawa, Kenji Takahashi, Hiroki Sakai, Tomonori Nagamine, Hideaki Fukuda, Kazuhisa Takahashi, Seiji Ohtori…

Periosteal vascularization of the distal femur in relation to distal femoral osteotomies: a cadaveric study

The purpose of this study was to investigate periosteal vessels location as intra-operative landmarks in distal femoral osteotomies and focused on the branching pattern of the vascular supply of the medial and...

Authors: J. A. D. van der Woude, R. J. van Heerwaarden and R. L. A. W. Bleys

It’s not what it looks like: challenges in diagnosis of synovial lesions of the knee joint

With the advent of MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), Synovial lesions around knee are being more and more easily detected. Synovial lesions of knee present with boggy swelling, effusion, pain, and restriction ...

Authors: Kumar Kaushik Dash, Piyush Vishwas Gavai, Roshan Wade and Amyn Rajani

Hamstring stretch reflex: could it be a reproducible objective measure of functional knee stability?”

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) plays an important role in anterior knee stability by preventing anterior translation of the tibia on the femur. Rapid translation of the tibia with respect to the femur pr...

Authors: Jawad F. Abulhasan, Cameron M. Anley, Martyn D. Snow and Michael J. Grey

Joint sparing treatments in early ankle osteoarthritis: current procedures and future perspectives

Ankle osteoarthritis (AOA) is a severe pathology, mostly affecting a post-traumatic young population. Arthroscopic debridement, arthrodiastasis, osteotomy are the current joint sparing procedures, but, in the ...

Authors: Francesco Castagnini, Camilla Pellegrini, Luca Perazzo, Francesca Vannini and Roberto Buda

Acknowledgement to reviewers 2014/2015

Authors: Henning Madry

The benefits and limitations of animal models for translational research in cartilage repair

Much research is currently ongoing into new therapies for cartilage defect repair with new biomaterials frequently appearing which purport to have significant regenerative capacity. These biomaterials may be c...

Authors: Conor J. Moran, Ashwanth Ramesh, Pieter A. J. Brama, John M. O’Byrne, Fergal J. O’Brien and Tanya J. Levingstone

An intra-bone axial load transducer: development and validation in an in-vitro radius model

Accurate measurement of forces through the proximal radius can assess the effects of some surgical procedures on radioulnar load sharing, but is difficult to achieve given the redundant loading nature of the m...

Authors: Nikolas K. Knowles, Michael Gladwell and Louis M. Ferreira

A new graphical method to display data sets representing biomechanical knee behaviour

When researchers describe data from their studies, there is no rule defining the best way to represent results. Therefore, collecting and explaining results from personal research or understanding data from pu...

Authors: Silvia Pianigiani, Jos Vander Sloten, Walter Pascale, Luc Labey and Bernardo Innocenti

Histological changes of semitendinosus autograft after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in an immature rabbit model

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most common in the knee. Tendons can be used as alternative grafts for ACL repair, with tendon “ligamentization” often reported in literature. The purp...

Authors: Marco Giordano, Francesco Falciglia, Alessia Poggiaroni, Angelo Gabriele Aulisa, Pietro Savignoni and Vincenzo Guzzanti

Development and validation of a new method for locating patella sensory nerves for the treatment of inferior and superior knee pain

Radiofrequency ablation and percutaneous cryoneurolysis to relieve knee pain requires treating large areas to ensure coverage due to high variability in the sensory innervation of the knee and limitations of c...

Authors: Emily Hu, Jessica Preciado, Vinod Dasa and Jason Mussell

What quantitative mechanical loading stimulates in vitro cultivation best?

Articular cartilage has limited regeneration capacities. One of the factors that appear to affect the in vitro cultivation of articular cartilage is mechanical stimulation. So far, no combination of parameters ha...

Authors: Jerry Natenstedt, Aimee C Kok, Jenny Dankelman and Gabrielle JM Tuijthof

Biomechanical properties of five different currently used implants for open-wedge high tibial osteotomy

As several new tibial osteotomy plates recently appeared on the market, the aim of the present study was to compare mechanical static and fatigue strength of three newly designed plates with gold standard plat...

Authors: Arnaud Diffo Kaze, Stefan Maas, Danièle Waldmann, Andreas Zilian, Klaus Dueck and Dietrich Pape

Experimental articular cartilage repair in the Göttingen minipig: the influence of multiple defects per knee

A gold standard treatment for articular cartilage injuries is yet to be found, and a cost-effective and predictable large animal model is needed to bridge the gap between in vitro studies and clinical studies.

Authors: Bjørn Borsøe Christensen, Casper Bindzus Foldager, Morten Lykke Olesen, Louise Vingtoft, Jan Hendrik Duedal Rölfing, Steffen Ringgaard and Martin Lind

A new subscapular sling operation to stabilize the shoulder. A cadaver study

A new arthroscopic shoulder stabilisation procedure is proposed, which for some patients could be an alternative to the arthroscopic Latarjet procedure.

Authors: P J Klungsøyr, F Guldal, T Vagstad and J A Klungsøyr

Surgical-experimental principles of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with open growth plates

To review surgical and animal experimental studies performed with open growth plates in relation with pediatric anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Authors: Romain Seil, Frederick K Weitz and Dietrich Pape

Comparative study of subtalar arthrodesis after calcaneal frature malunion with autologous bone graft or freeze-dried xenograft

Calcaneal fracture malunion may evolve into arthrosis and severe foot deformities. The aim of this study was to identify differences in bony union following corrective subtalar arthrodesis with interposition o...

Authors: Carlo Henning, Gabriel Poglia, Murilo Anderson Leie and Carlos Roberto Galia

Large animal models in experimental knee sports surgery: focus on clinical translation

Large animal models play a crucial role in sports surgery of the knee, as they are critical for the exploration of new experimental strategies and the clinical translation of novel techniques. The purpose of t...

Authors: Henning Madry, Mitsuo Ochi, Magali Cucchiarini, Dietrich Pape and Romain Seil

New trends in articular cartilage repair

Damage to the articular cartilage is an important, prevalent, and unsolved clinical issue for the orthopaedic surgeon. This review summarizes innovative basic research approaches that may improve the current u...

Authors: Magali Cucchiarini, Christel Henrionnet, Didier Mainard, Astrid Pinzano and Henning Madry

Mechanical tensile properties of the anterolateral ligament

In a noticeable percentage of patients anterolateral rotational instabilities (ALRI) remain after an isolated ACL reconstruction. Those instabilities may occur due to an insufficiently directed damage of anter...

Authors: Martin Zens, Matthias J Feucht, Johannes Ruhhammer, Anke Bernstein, Hermann O Mayr, Norbert P Südkamp, Peter Woias and Philipp Niemeyer

Cyclical loading causes injury in and around the porcine proximal femoral physeal plate: proposed cause of the development of cam deformity in young athletes

The repetitive load to which the adolescent athlete’s body is exposed during training and competition affects bone growth. In previous studies, abnormalities of the spine and extremities of adolescent athletes...

Authors: Páll Sigurgeir Jónasson, Lars Ekström, Hans-Arne Hansson, Mikael Sansone, Jón Karlsson, Leif Swärd and Adad Baranto

Intratendinous injections of platelet-rich plasma: feasibility and effect on tendon morphology and mechanics

Intratendinous injections may have important effects on the properties of collagen microarchitecture, morphology, and subsequent mechanical properties of the injected tendon. The purpose of this study was to e...

Authors: John J Wilson, Kenneth S Lee, Connie Chamberlain, Ryan DeWall, Geoffrey S Baer, Marcus Greatens and Nicole Kamps

Histological characteristics of ligament healing after bio-enhanced repair of the transected goat ACL

Recently, healing of a ruptured anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is reconsidered. In a previous study, we have shown that the transected ACL can heal after treatment with the triple X locking suture alone or c...

Authors: D Tan Nguyen, Sietske Dellbrügge, Paul P Tak, Savio L-Y Woo, Leendert Blankevoort and Niek C van Dijk

The amplitude of pulse-synchronous oscillations varies with the level of intramuscular pressure in simulated compartment syndrome

Patients with compartment syndromes have elevated intramuscular pressure (IMP) due to increased volume in the affected muscle. However, the accuracy of IMP as a parameter in diagnosing chronic compartment synd...

Authors: Andreas Nilsson, Qiuxia Zhang and Jorma Styf

Platelet-rich plasma to treat ankle cartilage pathology - from translational potential to clinical evidence: a systematic review

Platelet-rich Plasma (PRP) is a fascinating biological treatment showing promising results for the management of cartilage disorders. However, despite the step forwards in this research area and the increasing...

Authors: Francesca Vannini, Berardo Di Matteo and Giuseppe Filardo

Immune modulation as a therapeutic strategy in bone regeneration

We summarize research approaches and findings on bone healing and regeneration that were presented at a workshop at the 60th annual meeting of the Orthopedic Research Society (ORS) in New Orleans in 2014. The ...

Authors: Claudia Schlundt, Hanna Schell, Stuart B Goodman, Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic, Georg N Duda and Katharina Schmidt-Bleek

Changes in synovial fluid biomarkers and clinical efficacy of intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid for patients with knee osteoarthritis

The changes in synovial fluid biomarkers after intra-articular injection of hyarulonic acid (IA HA) remain controversial. We investigate the changes in the properties of synovial fluid (SF) and clinical sympto...

Authors: Yoshihiro Kusayama, Yasushi Akamatsu, Ken Kumagai, Hideo Kobayashi, Masato Aratake and Tomoyuki Saito

In vivo retention and bioactivity of IL-1ra microspheres in the rat intervertebral disc: a preliminary investigation

Inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) contribute to the progression of intervertebral disc degeneration. Previously we demonstrated, in vitro, that by delivering interleukin-1 receptor antagon...

Authors: Deborah J Gorth, John T Martin, George R Dodge, Dawn M Elliott, Neil R Malhotra, Robert L Mauck and Lachlan J Smith

Bulk effect of the deltoid muscle on the glenohumeral joint

There remains controversy on the role of the deltoid on glenohumeral translations during basic and pitching motions. We thus studied the passive effect of the deltoid on the deltoid glenohumeral joint center (...

Authors: Claudio Rosso, Andreas M Mueller, Brett McKenzie, Vahid Entezari, Andrea Cereatti, Ugo Della Croce, Arun J Ramappa, Ara Nazarian and Joseph P DeAngelis

Osteochondral tissue engineering using a biphasic collagen/GAG scaffold containing rhFGF18 or BMP-7 in an ovine model

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combining rhFGF18 or BMP-7 with a biphasic collagen/GAG osteochondral scaffold (Chondromimetic) on the repair of osteochondral defects in sheep.

Authors: Alan Getgood, Frances Henson, Carrie Skelton, Roger Brooks, Hans Guehring, Lisa A Fortier and Neil Rushton

Role of mesenchymal stem cells in meniscal repair

Meniscus integrity is the key for joint health of the knee. Therefore, the main goal of every meniscus treatment should be the maintenance of as much meniscus tissue as possible.

Authors: Peter Angele, Richard Kujat, Matthias Koch and Johannes Zellner

Polymerase Chain Reaction molecular diagnostic technology for monitoring chronic osteomyelitis

Osteomyelitis is a devastating condition whose treatment relies on the detection of bacteria. The current standard of microbiology culture may not be adequate. Molecular biology based diagnostic procedures for...

Authors: Brian D Mariani, Daniel S Martin, Antonia F Chen, Haruyo Yagi, Sheldon S Lin and Rocky S Tuan

Clinical results of multilayered biomaterials for osteochondral regeneration

Several techniques have been used during the years to treat chondral and osteochondral lesions. Among them, the emerging trend in the field of osteochondral regeneration is to treat the entire osteochondral un...

Authors: Elizaveta Kon, Giuseppe Filardo, Francesco Perdisa, Giulia Venieri and Maurilio Marcacci

Induction of bone formation in abdominal implants constituted by collagen sponges embedded with plant-based human transforming growth factor family proteins in ectopic dog model

Trauma, osteomyelitis, bone tumour resections and congenital deformities are the main causes of bone deficiency in which autologous graft is the preferred treatment, but usually the bone supplies are limited.

Authors: Juan Carlos Jacinto-Tinajero, Daniel Ascencio, Brenda Marquina, Jorge Barrios-Payán, Maria Concepcion Gutierrez, Miguel Gomez Lim and Rogelio Hernández Pando

The role of aggrecan in normal and osteoarthritic cartilage

Aggrecan is a large proteoglycan bearing numerous chondroitin sulfate and keratan sulfate chains that endow articular cartilage with its ability to withstand compressive loads. It is present in the extracellul...

Authors: Peter J Roughley and John S Mort

Digital image correlation as a tool for three-dimensional strain analysis in human tendon tissue

Determining the mechanical behaviour of tendon and ligamentous tissue remains challenging, as it is anisotropic, non-linear and inhomogeneous in nature.

Authors: Thomas Luyckx, Matthias Verstraete, Karel De Roo, Wim De Waele, Johan Bellemans and Jan Victor

Translating orthopaedic basic science into clinical relevance

In orthopaedic and trauma surgery, the rapid evolution of biomedical research has fundamentally changed the perception of the musculoskeletal system. Here, the rigor of basic science and the art of musculoskel...

Authors: Henning Madry

Strength of the porcine proximal femoral epiphyseal plate: the effect of different loading directions and the role of the perichondrial fibrocartilaginous complex and epiphyseal tubercle – an experimental biomechanical study

The high loads on adolescent athletes’ musculoskeletal system are known to cause morphological and degenerative changes in bone, intervertebral discs and joints. It has been suggested that the cam deformity of...

Authors: Páll Sigurgeir Jónasson, Lars Ekström, Anna Swärd, Mikael Sansone, Mattias Ahldén, Jón Karlsson and Adad Baranto

Biomechanical evaluation of a biomimetic spinal construct

Laboratory spinal biomechanical tests using human cadaveric or animal spines have limitations in terms of disease transmission, high sample variability, decay and fatigue during extended testing protocols. The...

Authors: Tian Wang, Jonathon R Ball, Mattew H Pelletier and William R Walsh

Measurements of bone tunnel size in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: 2D versus 3D computed tomography model

Revision anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction requires a precise evaluation of previous tunnel locations and diameters. Enlargement of the tunnels, despite not usually affecting primary reconstructi...

Authors: Bernardo Crespo, Cathrine Aga, Katharine J Wilson, Shannon M Pomeroy, Robert F LaPrade, Lars Engebretsen and Coen A Wijdicks

Biomechanical testing of distal femur osteotomy plate fixation techniques: the role of simulated physiological loading

Implants for fracture and/or osteotomy fixation are often tested according to basic mechanical test models such as open gap tests or 4-point-bending tests. These may be suitable to test and compare different i...

Authors: Justus-Martijn Brinkman, Christof Hurschler, Jens Agneskirchner, Philip Lobenhoffer, René M Castelein and Ronald J van Heerwaarden