Table 1 Cohort demographics
From: Smoking and secondary ACL rupture are detrimental to knee health post ACL injury—a Bayesian analysis
N | Male | Female | Combined | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 234 | N = 174 | N = 408 | ||
Age at injury | 408 | 22.0 29.0 36.0 | 17.0 25.0 39.8 | 20.0 28.0 37.0 |
29.9 ± 10.1 | 29.2 ± 13.7 | 29.6 ± 11.7 | ||
Years since injury | 408 | 7.00 10.00 14.00 | 7.00 9.00 12.75 | 7.00 10.00 13.00 |
11.25 ± 5.91 | 10.82 ± 6.47 | 11.07 ± 6.15 | ||
Injury during sports | 408 | 0.88 (206) | 0.79 (137) | 0.84 (343) |
ACLR | 408 | 0.82 (192) | 0.75 (131) | 0.79 (323) |
Physiotherapy duration (months) | 399 | 2.00 4.00 7.00 | 3.00 6.00 10.00 | 2.00 4.00 7.00 |
4.53 ± 3.62 | 6.32 ± 4.30 | 5.28 ± 4.01 | ||
Used a brace | 408 | 0.52 (122) | 0.53 (92) | 0.52 (214) |
Current smoker: never | 408 | 0.88 (205) | 0.85 (148) | 0.87 (353) |
daily | 0.03 (8) | 0.08 (14) | 0.05 (22) | |
less than daily | 0.09 (21) | 0.07 (12) | 0.08 (33) | |
Second ACL injury: none | 408 | 0.66 (154) | 0.71 (123) | 0.68 (277) |
ipsilateral | 0.13 (30) | 0.16 (28) | 0.14 (58) | |
contralateral | 0.12 (28) | 0.09 (15) | 0.11 (43) | |
both | 0.09 (22) | 0.05 (8) | 0.07 (30) | |
Subsequent arthroscopy | 308 | 0.33 (55) | 0.42 (58) | 0.37 (113) |
Meniscus injury | 408 | 0.78 (183) | 0.74 (129) | 0.76 (312) |
KOOS pain | 408 | 77.8 88.9 97.2 | 72.2 86.1 94.4 | 75.0 88.9 97.2 |
85.5 ± 15.1 | 80.9 ± 18.7 | 83.5 ± 16.8 | ||
KOOS symptoms | 408 | 64.3 78.6 89.3 | 57.1 78.6 89.3 | 64.3 78.6 89.3 |
76.4 ± 18.3 | 72.0 ± 22.5 | 74.5 ± 20.3 | ||
KOOS activities of daily living | 408 | 86.8 98.5 100.0 | 80.9 95.6 100.0 | 85.3 97.1 100.0 |
91.7 ± 11.8 | 87.4 ± 17.2 | 89.9 ± 14.5 | ||
KOOS sports and recreation | 408 | 50.0 75.0 90.0 | 35.0 65.0 85.0 | 45.0 75.0 90.0 |
67.1 ± 27.5 | 60.9 ± 30.2 | 64.5 ± 28.8 | ||
KOOS quality of life | 408 | 50.0 68.8 81.2 | 37.5 62.5 81.2 | 43.8 68.8 81.2 |
64.8 ± 24.1 | 60.3 ± 26.3 | 62.9 ± 25.1 |