Table 1 Fixation details of included studies
Study | Techniques compared & sample size | Cadaveric age | Anchors used | Number of tunnels | Number of anchors | Sutures used in tunnel | Number of buttons used | Type of button | Ultimate load to failure (N) | Stiffness (N/mm) | Methodologic quality assessment of included studies |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hart et al | 6 SA; 6 BT | 85 ± 3.49 years | Mitek GII Superanchors | 4 | 4 | 2 #2 Orthocord sutures/tunnel; 1 Krackow and 1 Bunnell stitches/tunnel | N/A | N/A | + | + | MCMS |
Rabuck et al | 10 SA; 10 BT; 10 endobutton | 54.4 (27–68) years | 5 mm, PEEK Biocorkscrew, Arthrex Inc | 4 | 3 | 3 No.2 Fiberwire, Arthrex | 3 | Titanium Pec Button, Arthrex | + | - | 84.6% |
Sherman et al | 8 SA; 8 BT; 8 endobutton | 73.1 years | 5.5 mm Super QuickAnchors, Depuy Mitek | 4 | 3 | No. 2 Orthocord (Depuy Mitek) | 3 | Titanium Pec Button, Arthrex | + | + | 92.3% |
Edgar et al | 8 BT; 8 endobutton | 64.61 ± 7.62 years | N/A | 4 | N/A | 2 No. 2 Fibrewire suture/tunnel | 3 | Pec Button, Arthrex | + | + | 84.6% |
Wilson et al | 10 BT; 10 screw; 10 SA | NR | 2.8 mm Lupine Loop Anchor, Depuy Mitek | 4 | 3 | N/A | N/A | N/A | + | - | 100% |
Thomas et al | 11 BT; 11 endobutton | 8 months | N/A | 4 | N/A | 2 No. 2 Fibrewire suture/tunnel | 1 with 2 No. 2 Fibrewire suture | Pec Button, Arthrex | + | - | 76.9% |