Single shot adductor canal block combined with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia can be effective as continuous adductor canal block in reducing opioid consumption and breakthrough pain after total knee arthroplasty

Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics

Table 2 Number of rescue opioid usage from POD1 to POD5

No. of opioid usage	POD1	POD2	POD3	POD4	POD5
IV-PCA (n = 180)	0.61 ± 0.88	0.95 ± 1.30	0.64 ± 1.05	0.38 ± 0.74	0.54 ± 0.97
C-ACB (n = 173)	0.20 ± 0.46	0.75 ± 0.86	0.47 ± 0.71	0.38 ± 0.60	0.46 ± 0.69
PCA + sACB (n = 129)	0.33 ± 0.66	0.74 ± 1.02	0.49 ± 0.77	0.45 ± 0.81	0.53 ± 0.82
p-value	< 0.001 ^a	0.143 ^a	0.121 ^a	0.612 ^a	0.633 ^a
IV-PCA vs. C-ACB	* < 0.001 ^b
IV-PCA vs. PCA + sACB	*0.002 ^b
C-ACB vs. PCA + sACB	0.384 ^b

^†Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation
^‡IV-PCA Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia, C-ACB Continuous adductor canal block, sACB Single-shot adductor canal block, POD Postoperative day
^a One-way analysis of variance
^b Post hoc (Bonferroni’s method) analysis
^* Statistically significant at p < 0.05