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Table 2 Bone 3D bioprinting: materials, cells and characterizations

From: Systematic review on the application of 3D-bioprinting technology in orthoregeneration: current achievements and open challenges

First author

Materials

Cells

Material Characterization

In vitro tests

In vivo assay

Ref #

Ahlfeld

Laponite-alginate-methylcellulose

Human hTERT-MSCs

Rheology, swelling, SEM, mechanical

Viability, biochemistry

 

[3]

Amler

GelMA

Human myogenic precursor cells

 

Viability, metabolic activity, mineralization, qPCR

 

[7]

Antich

Hyaluronic acid-alginate, PLA

Human articular Chondrocytes

Rheology, degradation, mechanical

Mechanical, viability, proliferation, karyotyping, biochemical, qPCR

 

[11]

Armstrong

Alginate pluronic hybrid

Human BMSCs

Rheology, spectroscopy, mechanical, SEM, calcium depletion test

Viability, histology

 

[12]

Bendtsen

Alginate-phosphate, hydroxyapatite-PVA/Ca sulphate

Mouse calvaria 3T3-E1 (MC3T3)

Rheology, degradation, mechanical

Viability

 

[19]

Bertassoni

GelMA, SPELA PEGDMA and PEGDA and agarose template

Mouse calvarial pre-osteoblasts cells (MC3T3)

Mechanical, swelling

Viability, mineralization, immunohistochemistry, microscopy

 

[20]

Breathwaite

Scaffold free

Human BM-MSC

 

Mineralization, qPCR, histology

 

[24]

Byambaa

GelMA, silicate nanoplatelets

Human MSCs, HUVECs

Mechanical, degradation

Viability, proliferation, vasculogenic potential, qPCR, Alizarin red, immunohistochemistry

 

[27]

Carlier

Agarose

Mouse fibroblasts

 

Viability, microscopy

 

[29]

Cunniffe

RGD-γ-irradiated alginate and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) complexed to plasmid DNA (pDNA)

Human MSCs

 

Viability, biochemistry, mineralization

Subcutaneous in nude mice

[43]

Dubey

Extracellular matrix/amorphous magnesium phosphates hydrogel

Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs)

SEM, rheology, spectroscopy (FTIR)

Viability, microscopy, mineralization, qPCR

Cranial defects in rats

[55]

Emmermacher

Alginate, methylcellulose and agarose (AMA)

Human hTERT-MSCs and plant cell culture of basil

Rheology

Viability

 

[57]

Filardo

Collagen-based hydrogel

Human MSCs

 

Viability

 

[61]

Guduric

Alginate-methylcellulose blend with mesoporous bioactive glasses

Human hTERT-MSCs

TEM, rheology, mass flow

DNA Quantification, ion release

 

[73]

Gurkan

GelMA

Human MSCs

 

qPCR

 

[74]

Hernández-Tapia

Alginate-gelatin

Human osteoblastic cell lines

SEM

Viability, metabolic activity, mineralization, microscopy

 

[79]

Kim

GelMA

MSCs

 

Viability, microscopy

Calvarial defects in rats

[96]

Lee

Hyaluronic acid derivatives (acrylated HA and tyramine-conjugated HA)

Mouse fibroblast cells (L929) and Human MSCs

Rheology

Viability, qPCR

 

[106]

Levato

GelMA

Equine ACPCs, articular chondrocytes, MSCs

 

Viability, morphology, biochemistry, qPCR, mechanical

 

[110]

Liu

Alginate-gelatin composite hydrogels

Mouse MSCs

Rheology, SEM, porosity

Viability, adhesion, qPCR, histology

 

[114]

Maturavongsadit

Nanocellulose/ chitosan

Mouse pre-osteoblast cell line (MC3T3-E1 cells)

Rheology, SEM, swelling, mechanical

Viability, qPCR, biochemistry, mineralization, histology

 

[123]

Montheil

Silylated hybrid hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose hydrogel

Human MSCs

Thermogravimetric analysis, rheology, swelling, SEM, NMR

Viability

 

[129]

Moore

Methylcellulose and alginate

Human MSCs & endothelial cells

Rheology, SEM

Viability, flow cytometry, biochemistry, histology, hypoxia assessment

 

[130]

Murphy

PCL/borate glass composite

Human adipose derived stromal cells

SEM, degradation, spectroscopy (EDX)

Viability

 

[134]

Park

GelMA

Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs)

Rheology, mechanical

Viability, proliferation, histology, qPCR

 

[147]

Rukavina

Fibrinogen and Osteo-hydrogel (Fibrin/Gelatin/ Hyaluronic/ Glycerol)

Human adipose derived stromal cells and HUVECs

 

Immunohistochemistry, Histology

Subcutaneous in nude mice

[163]

Schwab

Tyramine derivative of hyaluronan (THA) and Col 1

Human MSCs

Rheology, spectrometry

Viability, cell migration, histology, qPCR, immunohistochemistry, biochemistry

 

[167]

Sun

GelMA/gelatin/PEG/ mesoporous silica nanoparticles composite

Rat BMSCs

Rheology, mechanical, TEM/SEM

Viability, collagenase test, qPCR, immunohistochemistry, histology

Calvarial defects of DM rats

[178]

Wang

GelMA/HAMA

Mouse MSCs

SEM/TEM, doxycycline release assay

Viability, proliferation, antibacterial test, histology, qPCR

Subcutaneous in nude mice

[191]

Wang

Alginate-gelatin hydrogel

Human osteogenic sarcoma cells

SEM

Viability, mineralization, biochemistry

 

[192]

Yang

GelMA and HAMA, type I collagen

Mouse osteocyte cell line (IDG-SW3)

Rheology, SEM, mechanical

Viability, mineralization, immunocytochemistry, qPCR, histology

 

[199]

Zhai

Polyethylene glycol diacrylate/hyaluronic acid

Rat osteoblasts

Spectroscopy, mechanical, ion leaching, SEM

Viability, proliferation, morphology, histology

Tibia bone defects in rats

[204]

Zhang

Alginate/gelatin with graphene oxide

Human MSCs

TEM, rheology, mechanical

Viability, histology, uCT

 

[205]

Zhang

Alginate/gelatin

Human MSCs

Rheology, mechanical

Viability, qPCR, histology, uCT

 

[206]

Zheng

Silk/PEG Bioink

Human MSCs

Rheology, spectroscopy (FTIR)

Viability, DNA quantification

Subcutaneous in mice

[211]