Table 5 Best-evidence synthesis of risk factors and prevention strategies
Study (Year) | Risk factor / prevention strategy | Association with risk | Study quality | Rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Asker et al. (2018) [4] | Playing position | ↑ | Acceptable | Moderate evidence |
Matsuura et al. (2017) [26] | ↑ | Acceptable | ||
Oliver et al. 2019 [35] | ↑ | Acceptable | ||
Saper et al. (2018) [40] | ↑ | Acceptable | ||
Hams et al. (2019a) [20] | Setting (match vs. training) | ↓ | Acceptable | Conflicting evidence |
Oliver et al. (2019) [35] | ↑ | Acceptable | ||
Saper et al. (2018) [40] | ↑ | Acceptable | ||
Asker et al. (2020) [5] | Gender | ↑ | High quality | Moderate evidence |
Asker et al. (2018) [4] | ↑ | Acceptable | ||
Hams et al. (2019a) [20] | → | Acceptable | ||
Asker et al. (2020) [5] | Shoulder rotational ROM | →a | High quality | Moderate evidence |
Wilk et al. (2014) [54] | →b | Acceptable | ||
Matsuura et al. (2017) [26] | History of shoulder/elbow pain | ↑ | Acceptable | Limited evidence |
Matsuura et al. (2017) [26] | Age | → | Acceptable | Limited evidence |
Matsuura et al. (2017) [26] | Training experience | → | Acceptable | Limited evidence |
Matsuura et al. (2017) [26] | Training volume | ↑ | Acceptable | Limited evidence |
Asker et al. (2018) [4] | School grade | → | Acceptable | Limited evidence |
Asker et al. (2018) [4] | Playing level | → | Acceptable | Limited evidence |
Asker et al. (2020) [5] | Shoulder rotational strength | ↓c | High quality | Moderate evidence |
Asker et al. (2020) [5] | Scapular dyskinesia | ↑d | High quality | Moderate evidence |
Asker et al. (2020) [5] | Joint position sense | → | High quality | Moderate evidence |
Andersson et al. (2017) [2] | Prevention programme | ↓ | Acceptable | Moderate evidence |
Sakata et al. (2019) [39] | ↓ | Acceptable |