Table 1 KT application was applied in the following order

Gastrocnemius

The KT was split into a Y-strip so that each side could be longitudinally taped along with origin of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius muscles. Both the proximal ends of the Y-strip were placed, without tension, 4 cm below the popliteal line with the ankle in the neutral position. The proximal half of the strip was then stretched and placed on the calf up to the marked midpoint with the participant’s ankle at maximum dorsiflexion. The distal half of the strip was also stretched and placed from the midpoint to the upper part of the calcaneus posterior tuberosity with the participants ankle still at maximum dorsiflexion, and distal end of the Y-strip was then placed, without tension, with the ankle back in neutral position [19]

Biceps Femoris

As regards biceps femoris KT, the participant was positioned side lying with the knee in extension, the hip in flexion, the hip medially rotated, and the contralateral leg slightly bent for stability. KT was applied from the ischial tuberosity to the posterior region of the fibular head [31]

Quadriceps

KT was applied on quadriceps muscle, from the proximal to the distal [12]. Also, it was applied to the RF from 10 cm below the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the upper edge of the patella [20]. The strip was fixed on the VL muscle from the greater trochanter to the lateral patella edge. For the VM muscle, KT was applied to the middle third from the medial region of the thigh to the medial patella edge. This application was performed with participants standing on one foot, with the hip of the dominant limb at 0° and knee flexed at 90° [17]. The individuals were requested to perform a maximal extension of their knee in order to obtain length measurements, and to make KT final adjustments prior to its application

Gluteus Medius

For the gluteus medius, KT was applied from iliac crest to GT in side lying position. Participants were asked to take the side-lying position with 90° hip flexion, adduction and internal rotation. Y strip was used from insertion to origin. Base of the Y strip was applied on the lateral surface of the GT with no tension. Anterior tail was applied towards the ASIS with light or paper off tension and the last 1–2 inches with no tension. Posterior tail was applied towards PSIS with a similar tension mentioned above [12, 16]

Erector Spinae

The tape was bilaterally placed over the erector spinae muscles, parallel to the spinous processes of the lumbar vertebrae [44], starting near the posterior superior iliac crest [45]

Rectus Abdominis

Two pieces of tape were longitudinally applied on the rectus abdominis from the level of the xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis level [46]