Table 1 Primers Selected for PCR Analysis (from PrimerBank)

FGF-2

Growth factor regulating chondrogenesis and proliferation [12].

Forward: TTAAACGAGTCTTCAAGGTGGTG

Reverse: GTCCCCAAAGCTCAGGTACTG

CCND-1

Directly promotes the G1/S transition of the cell cycle [66]

Forward: GCGTACCCTGACACCAATCTC

Reverse: CTCCTCTTCGCACTTCTGCTC

IGF-1

Growth factor regulating proliferation, bone mineralization, and cartilage ECM production [30, 35, 41]

Forward: AGAGGCTACCCGCCTAGTTC

Reverse: GTACGGAGTAAACACCTGCTC

TGF-β1

Growth factor regulating proliferation and bone formation [35, 59]

Forward: CTGGACTCATCGCAAACACAA

Reverse: AGGAAGCCTTTGACTTCTGTCTA

BMP-2

Osteoblast differentiation and mineralization [35, 57]

Forward: GGGACCCGCTGTCTTCTAGT

Reverse: TCAACTCAAATTCGCTGAGGAC

STAT-1

Transcription factor likely involved in mediating FGFR3 [44]

Forward: TCACAGTGGTTCGAGCTTCAG

Reverse: GCAAACGAGACATCATAGGCA

RPL13A

Housekeeping control gene [53]

Forward: CCCTCCACCCTATGACAAGA

Reverse: TTCTCCTCCAGAGTGGCTGT