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Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics
Fig. 1 | Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics

Fig. 1

From: Prolotherapy agent P2G is associated with upregulation of fibroblast growth factor-2 genetic expression in vitro

Fig. 1

P2G (1.5%) upregulates FGF-2 and CCND-1 mRNA expression in preosteoblasts. a Experimental data indicate that relative to water controls, chondrocytes treated with P2G exhibit increased levels of FGF-2 at hours 24, 30, and 38 (Welch’s t-tests). At hour 30, numerical Welch’s t-test result of a statistically significant difference between means takes precedence over the small visual overlap between treatment and control error bars. b P2G (1.5%) upregulates CCND-1 (Cyclin D) mRNA expression at hour 30 in preosteoblasts (fold increase of 2.23, directional Welch’s t-test on Experiment 2 data). The solid line is the normalized mean of hour 0 pre-treatment baseline measurements. Control refers to study arms treated with water. The graph displays qRT-PCR mRNA expression. NS p > 0.05, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001

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