Table 1 Summary of reported evaluation methods for JLCA

Kubota et al.

–

3.4 ± 2.2° (single leg)

–

–

Kumagai et al.

2.4 ± 1.6°

5.1 ± 2.0°

–

− 1.9 ± 1.4° (post day 0 – day 2)

0.2 ± 1.2° (1 month – 12 months)

Akasaki et al.

2.1 ± 1.5°

3.8 ± 2.0°

–

1.1 ± 1.0° (pre – post on supine)

− 0.7 ± 1.0° (pre – post on standing)

Goshima et al.

–

3.2 ± 1.7°

–

–

Tsuji et al.

–

4.1 ± 2.3° (single leg)

6.0 ± 2.4° / 1.3 ± 2.1°

7.4 ± 2.7° (pre varus – valgus)

Lee et al.

–

3.4 ± 2.2° (double leg)

Latent medial laxity: JLCA in valgus stress – JLCA in weightbearing standing

–

Takagawa et al.

–

4.4 ± 2.3° (single leg)

6.9 ± 2.2° / 1.3 ± 2.5°

8.1° ± 2.8° (pre varus – valgus)

So et al.

2.3°

4.2° (double leg)

6.7° / 0.6 °

1.8° (supine – standing)

Park et al.

–

3.8 ± 1.9°

5.4 ± 2.1°/1.7 ± 1.4°

1.2 ± 1.5° (pre – post)

Kim et al.

–

3.1 ± 1.8°

–

–

Ogawa et al.

–

4.6 ± 2.2° (double legs)

5.6 ± 2.4° / 1.5 ± 1.8°

2.0 ± 1.5° (pre – post)

Lee et al.

–

3.4 ± 2.3°

–

–