Table 2 Outcome study reported data metrics

Hannon et al. 2016

N = 34

BMS alone

Vs

BMS with BMAC

None

BMS

54.8

BMS + BMAC

60.6

BMS

68.3

BMS + BMAC

77.6

BMS

38.5

BMS + BMAC

42.5

BMS

55.3

BMS + BMAC

61.9

Total MOCART score

BMS: 55.8

BMAC + BMS: 73.0

(BMAC with significantly greater defect filling, border repair integration, and surface tissue repair at 2 year follow-up)

Not performed

BMS:

1 subchondral cyst formation

BMAC/BMS:

2 superficial peroneal nerve dysesthesias

Kennedy and Murawski 2011

N = 72

Osteochondral autograft soaked in BMAC with synthetic filler soaked in BMAC

None

52.67

86.2

59.4

88.6

MRI: In 1 ankle, small cyst formation beneath graft site at 28 months

Not performed

3 donor site knee pain, 1 cyst growth beneath graft site

Giannini et al. 2009

N = 48

Collagen scaffold + BMA

OR

Hyaluronic acid membrane scaffold + BMA

17 osteophytectomy, 2 synovectomy, 2 loose body extraction, 1 calcaneal osteotomy

64.4 ± 14.5

6 months

83.3 ± 8.7

12 months

88.9 ± 8.2

18 months

89.7 ± 8.5

24 months

91.4 ± 7.7

2 patients at 12 months showed hypertrophy of new tissue on MRI; at 24 months all patients showed restored focal cartilage layer at defect site on MRI

5 patients evaluated at mean 13 months (12–14);

3 asymptomatic patients with newly formed cartilage

2 symptomatic patients with hypertrophy of new tissue;

All patients with smooth, complete and healthy cartilage integration

1 superficial infection at portal

Giannini et al. 2013

N = 20

Collagen scaffold + BMA

OR

Hyaluronic acid membrane scaffold + BMA

None

63.73 ± 14.13

48 (±6) months

82.19 ± 17.04

20 patients under went MRI T2 Mapping:

45 % Complete defect filling

45 % Incomplete >50 % filling

10 % Incomplete <50 %

78 % had hyaline like cartilage at latest follow-up

Not performed

None Reported