Table 2 Population and articular cartilage / osteochondral defects characteristics

 Atik et al. (2005)

n = 12

6 : 6

38

MFC (n = 9)

LFC (n = 1)

Patella (n = 2)

>1 cm diameter

Outerbridge

Grade IV

Arthroscopy

 Espregueira-Mendes et al. (2012)

n = 31

22 : 9

30.1

MFC (n = 22)

LFC (n = 7)

Trochlea (n = 1)

Patella (n = 1)

3.3 cm²

ICRS

Grade IV

MRI

 Gudas et al. (2005)

n = 28

19 : 10

24.6

MFC (n = 25)

LFC (n = 3)

2.8 cm²

ICRS

OCD (n = 13)

Full-thickness (n = 15)

MRI

Radiography

 Hangody et al. (2008)

n = 967

N.R.

N.R.

Femoral condyle (n = 789)

Patella (n = 147)

Tibia condyles (n = 31)

N.R.

Outerbridge

Grade III or IV (66 %)

Osteochondral defects (33 %)

MRI

Radiography

 Hangody et al. (2010)

n = 303

N.R.

N.R.

MFC (n = 187)

LFC (n = 74)

LTC (n = 15)

MTC (n = 1)

Patella (n = 18)

Trochlear (n = 8)

2.8 cm² (1-5)

1.8 cm² (1-4)

1.2 cm² (1-2)

1 cm²

2.4 cm² (1-3)

2.1 cm² (1-3.5)

Outerbridge

Grade III or IV (66 %)

Shallow osteochondral lesions (33 %)

MRI

Radiography

 Jakob et al. (2002)

n = 42

34 : 18

34

MFC (n = 10)

LFC (n = 5)

Patella (n = 1) ^b

4.9 cm²

(1.5-16)

ICRS

Grade III (n = 23)

Grade IV (n = 29)

MRI

 Kock et al. (2010)

n = 13

8 : 5

33

MFC (n = 10)

LFC (n = 3)

N.R.

Full-thickness cartilage lesions

Bone scintigraphy

 Koulalis et al. (2004)

n = 18

12 : 6

36

MFC (n = 13)

LFC (n = 2)

Patella (n = 3)

Trochlear (n = 1)

2.5 cm²

Outerbridge

Grade IV

MRI

Radiography

 Quarch et al. (2014)

n = 16

N.R.

39.7

MFC (n = 12)

LFC (n = 1)

Patella (n = 3)

4.6 cm²

Grade I-IV

MRI

 Reverte-Vinaixa et al. (2013)

n = 17

12 : 5

35

MFC (n = 3)

LFC (n = 14)

3.4 cm²

(1-4)

Outerbridge

Grade III/IV

MRI

 Clavé et al. (2016)

n = 25

20 : 5

28.3

Femoral condyle (n = 25)

3.5 cm²

ICRS

Grade I (n = 1)

Grade III (n = 2)

Grade IV (n = 22)

MRI

 Ahmad and Jones (2015)

n = 20

11 : 9

41.3

Anteromedial (n = 2) Anterocentral (n = 1)

Anterolateral (n = 3)

Centromedial (n = 7)

Central direct (n = 1)

Centrolateral (n = 2)

Posteromedial (n = 4)

1.6 cm²

(0.7-2.4)

N.R.

CT

MRI

Radiography

 Al-Shaikh et al. (2002)

n = 19

6 : 13

32

Medial dome (n = 15)

Lateral dome (n = 3)

Both (n = 1)

1.2 cm²

(0.5-4)

Berndt/Hardy classification

Grade I (n = 4)

Grade II (n = 6)

Grade III (n = 2)

Grade IV (n = 7)

MRI

Radiography

 Baltzer and Arnold (2005)

n = 43

30 : 13

31.2

Medial (n = 27)

Lateral (n = 14)

Central (n = 2)

1.7 cm²

(up to 3.7 cm²)

Outerbridge

Grade III or IV

MRI

Radiography

 Gautier et al. (2002)

n = 11

8 : 3

31.9

Medial (n = 10)

Lateral (n = 1)

1.8 cm²

(0.7-4.2)

Berndt and Harty

Grade II-IV

CT

MRI

Radiography

 Hangody (2001)

n = 36

N.R.

27

N.R.

1 cm²

Berndt and Harty classification

Grade III

Grade IV

CT

MRI

Radiography

 Kim et al. (2012)

n = 48

34 : 18

48.2

Anteromedial (n = 8) Centrolateral (n = 15) Posteromedial (n = 29)

1.5 cm²

(0.5-2.9)

N.R.

MRI

Radiography

 Lee et al. (2003)

n = 17

16 : 1

22.7

Medial (n = 16)

Lateral (n = 2)

1.0 cm²

(0.6-4)

Berndt and Harty

Grade III-IV

Arthroscopy

CT

MRI

Radiography

 de l’Escalopier et al. (2015)

n = 37

29 : 8

33

Medial (n = 12)

Posteromedial (n = 14)

Lateral (n = 11)

0.85 cm²

(0.4-2.12)

N.R.

CT

MRI

Radiography

 Reddy et al. (2007)

n = 11

5 : 6

29

Medial (n = 8)

Posteromedial (n = 1)

Central (n = 1)

Anterocentral (n = 1)

1.3 cm²

Full thickness defects

MRI

Radiography

 Valderrabano et al. (2009)

n = 12^a

8 : 4^a

43^a

Medial (n = 7)

Lateral (n = 14)

1.4 cm²

(0.5-3.6)

Berndt/Harty classification^a

Grade IV (n = 9)

Grade V (n = 5)

MRI

SPECT-CT